Octopine dehydrogenase displays the highest activity yet recorded for this enzyme, exceeding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase sixfold and lactate dehydrogenase 365-fold (Table 1). Loligo vulgaris wild paralarvae remain in the plankton for ∼3 months, growing fast and with insignificant interannual variation. However, mortality differs significantly between years, potentially influenced by biotic and abiotic drivers. Maturity ogives by age group indicated that males mature one month earlier (at 277 days) than females (at 298 days). Oecologia 139, 515–524. Age was obtained by increment counting in statoliths. Embryo survival rates ranged from 92% to 96% under present-day temperature (13–17°C) and pH (8.0) scenarios. Yet, ocean acidification (pH 7.5) and summer warming (19°C) led to a significant drop in the survival rates of summer embryos (47%, P<0.05). 2 24 ABSTRACT 26 Age, growth and mortality were estimated for the first time in wild paralarvae of the common squid, Loligo vulgaris, by examining growth increments in the statoliths of 273 animals collected off the Ría de 28 Vigo (NW Spain, NE Atlantic Ocean). squid Loligo vulgaris. Economic Importance for Humans: Positive. The life history of Loligo vulgaris and Loligo forbesi (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in ... Ecological and management implications. (Grzimek, 1972) The Opalescent inshore squid, Loligo opalescens, of western coast of United States and the Longfin in­shore squid, Loligo pealei, of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, demand a high price for the excellent quality of the flesh. Aside from the obvious use of squid as food, research, and education, an unusual use of these squid is for jewelry: many primitive tribes use the hooked rings of the species' suction cups for rings. The role of hatchling size in generating the intrinsic size-at-age variability of cephalopods: extending the Forsythe hypothesis. The enzymatic activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, octopine dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase were determined fromLoligo vulgaris. Cephalopods of importance in the Benguela ecosystem include Loligo vulgaris reynaudii, Todarodes angolensis, Todaropsis eblanae, Lycoteuthis ?diadema, Sepia australis, Octopus spp. Age, growth and mortality of Loligo vulgaris wild paralarvae: implications for 2 understanding of the life cycle and longevity Ángel F. González 1*, Jaime Otero 1,2, Graham J. Pierce3,4, and Ángel Guerra 1 4 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (CSIC). Age and size-at-maturity of Loligo vulgaris from Portuguese waters were evaluated in order to explain its complex population structure, which is strongly influenced by continuous spawning. Pecl, G. T. , Steer, M. A. , and Hodgson, K. E. (2004 ). Loligo forbesii is also used as fish bait and fish-meal production in the Mediterranean. Hatching occurred all year round, with a main peak during late spring and a secondary peak during early autumn for the period 2003-2005. Loligo vulgaris Lamarck, 1798 has been found in waters to the west of Scotland, and in the English Channel, and spec-imens have also been recorded in the southern North Sea (Tinbergen & Verwey, 1945; de Heij & Baayen, 2005). During jet propulsion swimming octopine … A third loliginid species, the European common squid, Allo-teuthis subulata (Lamarck, 1798), is thought to be the most The Patagonian squid, Loligo gahi, is a neritic species distributed in the South East Pacific Ocean from Perú (6°S) to Tierra del Fuego (55°S), and in the South West Atlantic Ocean from Tierra del Fuego to coastal (36°S) and slope (38°S) waters off Argentina Castellanos and Cazzaniga, 1979, Roper et al., 1984, Vigliano, 1985, Cardoso et al., 1998. The embryonic period was shortened by increasing Early ontogeny of the Japanese Common Squid Todarodes pacificus was described for artificially inseminated and collected specimens to present new criteria for developmental stages in relation to its ecological adaptation. The scientists’ results confirmed that statocysts indeed play a role in perceiving low frequency sound in cephalopods. The Japanese squid, Loligo japonica, is often consumed raw flesh for its excellent quality. 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