© Copyright 2017 World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Turmeric is a main ingredient of curry powder. Mauritius, Zizka, G. (1991). Hindi Name : Haldi (हल्दी) Bengali Name: Hould. Taiwan, Turmeric(Curcuma longa)(हल्दी) Turmeric is an essential spice that is commonly used in the kitchen every where in india. Fortunately, chemical analysis can to some extent establish how pure a product is.Ground turmeric is the most vulnerable product, particularly in local markets. The essential oil is also reported to have some insect repellent and insecticidal activity. Turmeric rhizomes are used as a bright yellow-orange culinary spice. The COVID-19 outbreak is a rapidly evolving situation. Yuncker, T.G. World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. Hardiness Perennial. The pharmacology of curcumin: is it the degradation products? Few people still use traditional dyeing techniques in South Asia, but turmeric dye gives a yellow colouring to silk, cotton and wool. A prelimanary checklist of the Zingiberaceae of Thailand Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 24: 35-49. Turmeric is generally safe. Duplication is encouraged. Turmeric is known by different names in other languages. For guidance from NCCIH on using PubMed, see How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed. Inhalation of turmeric smoke is reputed to relieve hiccups. Ivory Coast, 1. When shoots emerge, the bag should be removed and the tray kept damp in a warm light place but not in direct sunlight. Orange represents the sacral chakra, and yellow represents the solar plexus chakra. Turmeric. 17.3.7 Curcuma longa [Distribution: Southeast Asia (Native); Family: Zingiberaceae, Common Names: Turmeric] Curcuma longa a perennial plant is a common culinary ingredient in many parts of Asia and is also known for its therapeutic applications such as an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory blood purifying, and wound-healing agent. Borneo, Flora of Bali an annotated checklist: 1-158. Costa Rica, 500 mg of curcumin, a chemical in turmeric, has been used daily for 2 months. Instituto de investigação científica tropical, Instituto Português de apoio ao desenvolvimento. Some of these are retained for replanting as a future crop. A paste made from the flowers is applied topically to treat ringworm, gonorrhea, and parasitic skin diseases (Quattrocchi, 2012). Turmeric rhizomes have also been mixed with other plants to produce traditional remedies for a range of conditions including tonsillitis, headaches, wounds, snake bites, stings, sprains and fractured bones. Take charge of your health—talk with your health care providers about any complementary health approaches you use. Tendencies: Cooling, stimulating.. Guinea-Bissau, India is the world's largest producer, consumer and exporter of turmeric. The major importers are Iran, Sri Lanka and Middle Eastern and North African countries.Turmeric is cultivated commercially as an annual crop, by planting small rhizomes or pieces of rhizome on flat soil or in furrows between ridges. Hot water extracts of the dried rhizome have been taken orally in Ayurvedic medicine to reduce inflammation. Optical Rotation: -24 to -27. Family Name: Zingiberaceae. Sumatera, is there a supplement i can take it with to avoid the nausea. India is the biggest producer, supplying some 20,000 t each year (94% of the world's demand). These additives give turmeric an orange-red color instead of its native gold-yellow, and such conditions led the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to issue import alerts from 2013 to 2019 on turmeric originating in India and Bangladesh. Leafy tops are then cut off and the roots and adhering earth are removed. Belize, (1959). Funk JL. Turmeric is also made into a paste for skin conditions. It can be prepared in various ways and is reputed to alleviate asthma and coughs. Common Name: Turmeric (Besides, it is also known as Haldi or Haridra) Part used: Rhizome or Underground Tuber. Gujrati Name: haldi. As turmeric and other spices are commonly sold by weight, the potential exists for powders of toxic, cheaper agents with a similar color to be added, such as lead(II,IV) oxide ("red lead"). Hence, scientific name of Turmeric is used worldwide. Turmeric is also regarded as a 'rasayana' herb, which is a branch of Ayurvedic medicine and is used to counteract ageing processes. Alum works as a mordant to help the dye bond with the fabric. Smith, A.C. (1979). Botanical Name: Curcuma longa L.; Organic: 100% Organic; Plant Part: Root; Form: Powder; Common Name: Turmeric Legal Disclaimer Statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition. Natural Medicines website. Various shades of yellow can be made, depending upon which other ingredients are used and how much turmeric is added. Flowers: Yellow-white, borne on a spike-like stalk 10-15 cm long. Turmeric's common name in the north, haldi , derives from the Sanskrit haridra , and in the south it is called manjal , a word that is frequently used in ancient Tamil literature.Turmeric has a long history of medicinal use in South Asia, cited in Sanskrit medical treatises and widely used in Ayurvedic and Unani systems. In dry weather plants will benefit from being lightly misted daily with rainwater.During autumn, watering should be reduced, and plants should be kept fairly dry over winter, when they will need more light. Yellow and orange are both special colours in Hinduism, yellow being associated with Vishnu, and as the colour of the space between chastity and sensuality. Editorial: curcumin: recent insights, novel developments, new challenges. The essential medicinal chemistry of curcumin. China Southeast, The flowering plants of Mt. Dietary curcumin: correlation between bioavailability and health potential. Marathi Name: halad. Turmeric is a low-growing tropical herbaceous plant, which forms many long thin rhizomes. Jawa, In Unani medicine, turmeric has been used for conditions such as liver obstruction and jaundice and has been applied externally for ulcers and inflammation. Turmeric. Albano, P.-O. Turmeric is used for cooking and also as a colouring agent. In India, the deliberate contamination and bulking out of turmeric is a serious problem in local markets. C. domestica (Turmeric, Haldi [Hindi], Jiang Huang [Chinese]) Curcuma zedoaria (Zedoary) Curcuma amada (Mango-Ginger) Curcuma xanthorrhizia (Curcuma, Japanese Turmeric, Tewon Lawa, Temu Lawak) Cautions Turmeric should not be used if there is a bile duct obstruction. The Yoruba name for ginger is ata ile while turmeric is called ata ile pupa because of its bright colour. In Buddhism yellow is the colour of the Bodhisattva Ratnasambhava. Leong-Skornicková, J., Sída, O., Wijesundara, S. & Marhold, K. (2008). Lesser Sunda Is., One of the main yellow pigments in turmeric is curcumin (described above under Western medicine). New Caledonia, Réunion, Plants of Tonga Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 220: 1-283. Kew Species Profiles Botanical Name: Curcuma longa. The colour of turmeric can vary depending on whether the liquid it is mixed with is alkali or acid. Popa, central Myanmar - Results of Myanmar-Japanese joint expeditions, 2000-2004 Makinoa 5: 1-102. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. The fresh juice taken regularly on an empty stomach has been used to prevent stomach disorders. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0, Colombian resources for Plants made Accessible Botanical Name: Curcuma Longa. It’s used as spice in Indian cooking and also sold as a supplement. Christopherson, E. (1935). Overview: An upright, perennial herb to about 1 m tall. & Celis, M. The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2020. Édisud, Aix-en-Provence. Andaman Is., Turmeric and conventionally formulated curcumin products are probably safe when taken orally or applied to the skin in the recommended amounts. Easter Is., They should be laid tooth side up in a seed tray containing a mixture of seed compost and grit, just covering the rhizomes. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ & Ragan, A. Leaves: Large, oblong, up to 1 m long, dark green on upper surface, pale green beneath. Common Name: Turmeric Scientific Name: Curcuma longa Other Names: Kasturi Manjal, Curcuma, Turmeric Root, Yu Jin, Safran Bourbon, Indian Saffron, Pian Jiang Huang. This publication is not copyrighted and is in the public domain. MacKee, H.S. Having an earthy odour, turmeric has a pungent flavour. China South-Central, Orange signifies sacrifice, renunciation and courage. Back to types! They can also be boiled in water, dried, peeled and then ground. Historically, turmeric was used in Ayurveda and other traditional Indian medical systems, as well as Eastern Asian medical systems such as traditional Chinese medicine. BOTANICAL NAMES OF SPICES: Spice Picture: English Common Name: Botanical Name: Family Name: Part used as Spice: Cardamom (Small) Elettaria cardamomum Maton: Zingiberaceae: Fruit,Seed: Cardamom (Large) Amomum subulatum Roxb: Zingiberaceae: Fruit,Seed: Pepper: Piper nigrum L… Piperaceae: Fruit: Bird’s Eye (Chilli) Capsicum Frute sence L. Solanaceae: Fruit: Capsicum (Chilli) Featured: Lysimachia arvensis Turmeric's common name in the north, haldi, derives from the Sanskrit haridra, and in the south it is called manjal, a word that is frequently used in ancient Tamil literature.Turmeric has a long history of medicinal use in South Asia, cited in Sanskrit medical treatises … NCCIH has provided this material for your information. The resulting dye has always been popular during the Hindu festival Holi, which people celebrate by covering themselves with bright dyes. Habitat: Turmeric has its origins most likely in India but today it is common throughout Southeast Asia, China, and southern Australia but can be found in most tropical regions of the world. Pandey, R.P. Only suitable for growing indoors or in a heated greenhouse in temperate regions. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0, Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone Turmeric should not be confused with Javanese turmeric root (Curcuma zedoaria). This can be seen in traditional dyeing techniques where acid might be added at various stages. Refractive Index: 1.502 to 1.513. The use of turmeric is prohibited in a house of mourning. Plant sources Asian and Caribbean shops often sell fresh turmeric, although the quality is variable: sometimes if it has been airfreighted in cold temperatures the rhizomes fail to develop shoots, or they may have been treated by dormancy-inducing chemicals.Turmeric plants are available from a number of nurseries. Turmeric has been shown to have anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, to which can be added possible anti-ulcer, wound-healing, liver-protective and anti-cancer properties. Catarino, L., Sampaio Martins, E., Pinto-Basto, M.F. The tuberous rhizomes or underground stems of turmeric have been used from antiquity as condiments, a dye and as an aromatic stimulant in several medicines.Turmeric is a very important spice in India, which produces nearly the whole world's crop and consumes 80% of its produce. Harvesting is carried out by digging up the rhizomes. Even with the use of alum, turmeric dye tends to fade over time. In India, it was traditionally used for disorders of the skin, upper respiratory tract, joints, and digestive system. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawai. Gulf of Guinea Is., The common name is widely used everywhere. Hawaii, MIM, Deurne. Part II: plants Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 113: 1-102. Botanically close to Curcuma australasica, wild turmeric has been widely used as a cosmetic herbal in South Asia and nearby regions. Myanmar, Tamil Name: Manjal. Turmeric has been used in India for at least 2,500 years. NCCIH is funding research to determine whether and how curcuminoids may be converted in bone tissue into substances that may have effects on bone diseases. The plant reaches barely three feet in height and produces both a flower and a rhizome, or stem that … Illnesses, such as a toothache, are just one of the back Turmeric’s most common uses. Herbarium Bogorensis, Indonesia. The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 2020. The Clearinghouse does not provide medical advice, treatment recommendations, or referrals to practitioners. It enters the international market in the form of dried whole rhizomes or as ground rhizomes. Cuba, The exact origin of Curcuma longa is not known, but it is thought to originate from South or Southeast Asia, most probably from Vietnam, China or western India. The problem of curcumin and its bioavailability: could its gastrointestinal influence contribute to its overall health-enhancing effects? Raju, V.S., Reddy, C.S. A compound in turmeric is thought to help lower swelling. Strips of paper soaked in turmeric can therefore be used as an indicator. Nicobar Is., Extracts have been added to creams as a colouring agent, and traditionally women would rub turmeric into their cheeks to produce a golden glow. Tonga, Newborn babies had turmeric rubbed on their forehead for good luck, and they would be given a turmeric necklace to wear to keep away evil spirits.In India pieces of the rhizomes are added to water to make an infusion used in baths. In Hindu wedding ceremonies, brides would rub turmeric over their bodies. Dried and spirit-preserved specimens of Curcuma longa are held in Kew's Herbarium, where they are available to researchers by appointment. Dosage: Infusion: 1 teaspoon per cup of water; or 1:0.85 fresh strength liquid extract: 10-40 drops 1-4 times per day.. Still it is beneficial to know the common name of all garden plants. Key producers of turmeric include India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Fiji, Dilaw, Luyang dilaw, curcuma longa:, long turmeric: Philippine Herbal Medicine - An illustrated compilation of Philippine medicinal herbs by Dr Godofredo Umali Stuart, with botanical information, chemical properties, folkloric uses and medicinal research studies The growing plants require heavy application of manure to get the best yield.Turmeric is ready for harvesting 7 to 10 months after planting, when the lower leaves turn yellow. Girmansyah, D. & al. [Database subscription]. Govaerts, R. (1999). Line drawing of plant parts: Plant parts of turmeric (C. longa). National Tropical Botanical Garden, Hawaii. Published on the Internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat [accessed on Day Month Year]'. Catalogue des plantes introduites et cultivées en Nouvelle-Calédonie, ed. & Diniz, M.A. Flora of the Cook Islands: 1-973. Susruta's Ayurvedic compendium, dating to 250 BC, recommends an ointment containing turmeric to relieve the effects of poisoned food. Turmeric roots may be given as a present on special occasions, such as a visit to a pregnant woman. 'The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Curcumin gives turmeric its yellow color. Tanaka, N., Koyama, T. & Murata, J. Much research has been done on substances from turmeric, but their health effects remain uncertain. Propagation Fresh, plump, juicy looking rhizomes should be selected from raw turmeric sold for food. Thailand, Another feature it shares with ginger is a showy flower (although the showy part is actually a bract, not the true flower), which means an additional use for the plant is as an ornamental. Samoa, Turmeric powder is also sprinkled on sacred images. This explains why both look alike and are called similar Yoruba names. Turmeric is also known as Curcuma, Curcumin, Halada, Haldi, Haridra, Indian Saffron, Nisha, Pian Jiang Huang, Rajani, Safran Bourbon, Safran de Batallita, Safran des Indes, Turmeric Root, and Yu Jin. La Conaissance des Plantes Exotiques: 1-324. ODS seeks to strengthen knowledge and understanding of dietary supplements by evaluating scientific information, supporting research, sharing research results, and educating the public. (eds.). Given below, is a list of the popularly known names of this spice. Oriya Name: Haldi. Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/, Kew Backbone Distributions Sindhi Name: Halda. Turmeric is used in the laboratory alongside litmus paper, which turns blue in the presence of bases and red in the presence of acids. The tray should be placed in a clear plastic bag, and the bag sealed and kept warm, preferably with bottom heat, at 20°C, for at least three weeks. Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris. Improving bioavailability might lead to increases in harmful effects as well as desirable ones. Records of the Hawaii biological survey for 2011. Today, turmeric is promoted as a dietary supplement for a variety of conditions, including arthritis, digestive disorders, respiratory infections, allergies, liver disease, depression, and many others. In an alkali solution, it will turn red, but if acid is added to neutralise the alkali then the colour will change to yellow.