[114], On the second day of Diwali, Hanuman Puja is performed in some parts of India especially in Gujarat. [143][147], The day celebrates the sibling bond between brother and sister. Diwali, the festival of lights, is a religious observance commemorated by Hindus, Sikhs, Jains and some Buddhists around the world. Diwali falls in either October or November each year, depending on the cycle of the moon. According to McDermott, while the Durga Puja is the largest Bengali festival and it can be traced to the 16th-century or earlier, the start of Kali puja tradition on Diwali is traceable to no earlier than about the mid-18th-century during the reign of Raja Krishnacandra Ray. When you visit this site, it may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. According to Pintchman, in some Hindu traditions the women recite tales where sisters protect their brothers from enemies that seek to cause him either bodily or spiritual harm. Some Hindu communities mark the last day as Bhai Dooj or the regional equivalent, which is dedicated to the bond between sister and brother,[111] while other Hindu and Sikh craftsmen communities mark this day as Vishwakarma Puja and observe it by performing maintenance in their work spaces and offering prayers. [27] Newar Buddhists, unlike other Buddhists, celebrate Diwali by worshipping Lakshmi, while the Hindus of Eastern India and Bangladesh generally celebrate Diwali by worshipping the goddess Kali. The exact dates change each year but this year, Diwali falls on Monday 24 October. Some diyas may also be set adrift on streams and river and the evening is marked with fireworks. Sikhs historically referred to this festival as Diwali. Sharell Cook lives in Mumbai full-time and writes about India travel. It's associated with Lord Ram's return to his kingdom in Ayodhya after exile and rescuing his wife from demon king Ravan on Dussehra. [151], During the season of Diwali, numerous rural townships and villages host melas,[152] or fairs, where local producers and artisans trade produce and goods. The main festival is on Sunday, but festivities begin on Friday, a day called Dhanteras. In 2022, the five days of Diwali begin on October 22, with the most important festival date taking place on October 24. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your device and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Every autumn, the observance sees millions of people attend. Related: 25 Diwali Facts When is Diwali 2022? This year (2021), Diwali begins on Tuesday 2 November, with the peak day of celebrations happening on the third day, Thursday 4 November. [134], On the night of Diwali, rituals across much of India are dedicated to Lakshmi to welcome her into their cleaned homes and bring prosperity and happiness for the coming year. Diwali is one of the most revered and a pious festival deeply entrenched in Hindu culture. In some months, a day needs to be dropped to correlate with a shorter lunar cycle. The day also marks a major shopping day to purchase new utensils, home equipment, jewelry, firecrackers, and other items. They celebrate by lighting lamps, decorating temples and monasteries, and worshipping the Buddha. Hence Deepavali has been . Cook, Sharell. Diwali celebrations burst into life on the third day of the five day festival of lights, which falls between October and November with a changing date each year. This year, Diwali falls at the start of November beginning with Dhanteras on November 2. Each day has a different name and rituals. This is the day when Hindu, Jain and Sikh temples and homes are aglow with lights, thereby making it the "festival of lights". In 2022, Diwali is on Monday 24 October. Diwali is celebrated in the Hindu month of Kartik. Diwali is generally a time for visiting, exchanging gifts, wearing new clothes, feasting, feeding the poor, and setting off fireworks (though such displays have been restricted to limit noise and other environmental pollution). All the days except Diwali are named using the designation in the Indian calendar. The incredible amount of fireworks and firecrackers set off during the five days of Diwali have become an issue in many Indian cities, to the point that ambient air and noise during Diwali are considered somewhat of a health hazard. Each day has the following rituals and significance:[43], Dhanteras, derived from Dhan meaning wealth and teras meaning thirteenth, marks the thirteenth day of the dark fortnight of Ashwin or Kartik and the beginning of Diwali in most parts of India. * Diwali 2023: 12 th of November, Sunday You can find out more and change our default settings with Cookies Settings. Diwali is celebrated over five days in most of North India. Patrice J. Williams is a travel and style content creator, fact-checker and author of the thrift shopping book. Cook, Sharell. For planning purposes, here are the dates for the main celebrations for Diwali for the next few years: 2019: Sunday, October 27 (starts on October 25, ends on October 29) 2020: Saturday, November 14 (November 12-16) 2021: Thursday, November 4 (November 2-6) 2022: Monday, October 24 (October 22-26) 2023: Wednesday, November 7 (November 5-9) [123], This day is commonly celebrated as Diwali in Tamil Nadu, Goa, and Karnataka. However, the focus of the Jain Diwali remains the dedication to Mahavira. [21][22] Many towns organise community parades and fairs with parades or music and dance performances in parks. It is observed by the Vajrayana Buddhist minority among the Newarpeople of Nepal. Hindu temples on this day prepare and present "mountains of sweets" to the faithful who have gathered for darshan (visit). [125], Some Hindus observe Yama Deepam (also known as Yama Dipadana or Jam ke Diya) on the second day of Diwali, instead of the first day. When is Navaratri in 2021, 2022, and 2023? [108] During Diwali, people wear their finest clothes, illuminate the interior and exterior of their homes with saaki (earthen lamp), diyas and rangoli, perform worship ceremonies of Lakshmi, the goddess of prosperity and wealth,[l] light fireworks, and partake in family feasts, where mithai (sweets) and gifts are shared. This year's date of celebration starts November 14, 2020. . [116][114] Women and children decorate doorways within homes and offices with rangolis, colourful designs made from rice flour, flower petals, colored rice or colored sand,[23] while the boys and men decorate the roofs and walls of family homes, markets, and temples and string up lights and lanterns. It's the holiday season and Diwali is around the corner. [110] Some regions of India start Diwali festivities the day before Dhanteras with Govatsa Dwadashi. Some suggest he lived in the 5th-century BCE contemporaneously with the Buddha. The festivities vary between different regions. Symbolising the triumph of good over evil and light over darkness, Diwali usually falls in the early autumn, coinciding with the new moon, deemed the darkest night of the Hindu lunar calendar. They install diyas, small earthen oil-filled lamps that they light up for the next five days, near Lakshmi and Ganesha iconography. Major temples and homes are decorated with lights, festive foods shared with all, friends and relatives remembered and visited with gifts. Choti Diwali is the major shopping day for festive, Annakut community meals (left), Krishna holding, A sister ritually feeding her brother on Bhai Duj-Diwali, Dhanteras, Dhanatrayodashi, Yama Deepam (Day 1), Naraka Chaturdashi, Kali Chaudas, Chhoti Diwali, Hanuman Puja, Roop Chaudas, Yama Deepam (Day 2), Annakut, Balipratipada (Padwa), Govardhan Puja (Day 4), Bhai Duj, Bhau-Beej, Vishwakarma Puja (Day 5). [20][45] The term is derived from the Sanskrit words dpa, "lamp, light, lantern, candle, that which glows, shines, illuminates or knowledge"[46] and vali, "a row, range, continuous line, series". Diwali is an important festival in Jainism. In 2023, Diwali is on November 12. Since the 18th century, Diwali has been celebrated in Sikhism as the time of Guru Hargobinds return to Amritsar from captivity in Gwalioran echo of Ramas return to Ayodhya. "When Is Diwali (Deepavali)? Ubtan is applied by the women which is made up of special gram flour mixed with herbs for cleansing and beautifying themselves. The name is derived from the Sanskrit term dipavali, meaning row of lights. The festival generally symbolizes the victory of light over darkness. [13][14][93][94], A scholar of Jain and Nivethan, states that in Jain tradition, Diwali is celebrated in observance of "Mahavira Nirvana Divas", the physical death and final nirvana of Mahavira. Confectioners and shops create Diwali-themed decorative displays, selling these in large quantities, which are stocked for home celebrations to welcome guests and as gifts. The five days are as follows:. When people are exposed to these pollutant particles, they may suffer from eye, nose, and throat-related problems. Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/when-is-diwali-1770209. It is one of the most important festivals within Hinduism[7][8] where it generally lasts five days (or six in some regions of India), and is celebrated during the Hindu lunisolar months of Ashvin (according to the amanta tradition) and Kartika (between mid-October and mid-November). On the eve of his first visit to India as President of the United States, Obama released an official statement sharing his best wishes with "those celebrating Diwali". [143] According to Kinsley, the ritual use of cow dung, a common fertiliser, is an agricultural motif and a celebration of its significance to annual crop cycles. [102] The festival of Diwali, according to Ray Colledge, highlights three events in Sikh history: the founding of the city of Amritsar in 1577, the release of Guru Hargobind from the Mughal prison, and the day of Bhai Mani Singh's martyrdom in 1738 as a result of his failure to pay a fine for trying to celebrate Diwali and thereafter refusing to convert to Islam. This year, it begins in the first week of November from 2nd-6th. In India, while everyone celebrates Deepavali, people don't amass in public, but rather in small groups with their friends and families in homes, neighborhoods, and local temple communities. It coincides with the new moon (amvasy) and is deemed the darkest night of the Hindu lunisolar calendar. October 18, 2019 By Simran Jeet Singh (RNS) With more than a billion people celebrating Diwali every year, the festival is one of the largest and most significant religious observances. During the festival, diyas are lit and placed in rows along the parapets of temples and houses and set adrift on rivers and streams. Das, Subhamoy. It's observed on the 15th day of the month. Iff a festival falls in the waning phase of the moon, these two traditions identify the same lunar day as falling in two different (but successive) masa. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. 2. Updates? "When Is Diwali (Deepavali)? It is the main day of the Diwali festival. Diwali is also celebrated to mark the return of Rama to Ayodhya after defeating the demon-king Ravana and completing his fourteen years of exile. Diwali, also spelled Divali, is one of the major religious festivals in Hinduism, Jainism, and Sikhism. It is an official holiday in a dozen countries, while the other festive days are regionally observed as either public or optional restricted holidays in India. What is Diwali? Diwali is also known as Deepavali, Dipavali, Dewali, Deepawali, or the Festival of Lights. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Diwali is generally a time for visiting, exchanging gifts, wearing new clothes, feasting, feeding the poor, and setting off fireworks (though such displays have been restricted to limit noise and other environmental pollution). [177][s], The use of fireworks also causes an increase in the number of burn injuries in India during Diwali. [79], Hindus of eastern India associate the festival with the Goddess Kali, who symbolises the victory of good over evil. In other regions, parents invite a newly married daughter, or son, together with their spouses to a festive meal and give them gifts. According to a Government of Himachal Pradesh and India publication, the Vishvakarma puja is observed on the fourth day of Diwali in the Himalayan state. [49] (According to Indologist Constance Jones, this night ends the lunar month of Ashwin and starts the month of Kartik[50] but see this note[c] and Amanta and Purnima systems.) In 2019, Diwali started on October 25 as reported by The Fact. While the dates vary annually based on the Hindu lunar calendar, Diwali usually occurs in October or November. [121] The day and its rituals are interpreted as ways to liberate any souls from their suffering in "Naraka", or hell, as well as a reminder of spiritual auspiciousness. The Diwali-related inscription is the 4th inscription and it includes the year Vikrama Era 1268 (c. 1211 CE). Subhadra welcomes him with a tilaka on his forehead. [143], In some rural communities of the north, west and central regions, the fourth day is celebrated as Govardhan puja, honouring the legend of the Hindu god Krishna saving the cowherd and farming communities from incessant rains and floods triggered by Indra's anger,[143] which he accomplished by lifting the Govardhan mountain. Diwali is known as the festival of lights in India. Although not a primary festival of Buddhism, Diwali is celebrated by some Buddhists as a commemoration of the day when Emperor Ashoka converted to Buddhism in the 3rd century BCE. This is done via a bathing ritual called Abhyanga Snan. Since the 18th century, Diwali has been celebrated in Sikhism as the time of Guru Hargobinds return to Amritsar from captivity in Gwalior, an echo of Lord Ramas return to Ayodhya. Food is a major focus with families partaking in feasts and sharing mithai. Earlier in the season's fortnight, some welcome the souls of their ancestors to join the family for the festivities with the Mahalaya. This is followed by Choti Diwali the next day and Diwali on November 4. [31][32][33] The main day of the festival of Diwali (the day of Lakshmi Puja) is an official holiday in Fiji,[34] Guyana,[35] India, Malaysia,[a][36] Mauritius, Myanmar,[37] Nepal,[38] Pakistan,[39] Singapore,[40] Sri Lanka, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago. [15][131][132] After the puja, people go outside and celebrate by lighting up patakhe (fireworks) together, and then share a family feast and mithai (sweets, desserts). Diwali is one of the most widely celebrated religious festivals worldwide, it takes place every year between October and November and it commemorates the spiritual victory of light over darkness. Meaning "rows of lighted lamps," Diwali is a celebration of light over darkness for different cultures across the world, especially South Asia. The Jain Diwali celebrated in many parts of India has similar practices to the Hindu Diwali, such as the lighting of lamps and the offering of prayers to Lakshmi. [129] At dusk, family members gather for the Lakshmi Pujan,[129] although prayers will also be offered to other deities, such as Ganesha, Saraswati, Rama, Lakshmana, Sita, Hanuman, or Kubera. The meaning of Diwaliand its many legends Diwali is so widely. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. When is Diwali? Diwali this year is a close-knit family affair. According to Pintchman, the start of the 5-day Diwali festival is stated in some popular contemporary sources as the day Goddess Lakshmi was born from Samudra manthan, the churning of the cosmic ocean of milk by the Devas (gods) and the Asuras (demons) a Vedic legend that is also found in several Puranas such as the Padma Purana, while the night of Diwali is when Lakshmi chose and wed Vishnu. [50] It is mentioned in mentioned in early Sanskrit texts, such as the Padma Purana and the Skanda Purana, both of which were completed in the second half of the 1st millennium CE. Scholars contest the 527 BCE date and consider Mahavira's biographical details as uncertain. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [185] When these compounds pollute the air, they increase the risk of cancer in people. Grewal, a scholar of Sikhism and Sikh history, Diwali in the Sikh tradition is older than the sixth Guru Hargobind legend. "The first day . There are many stories around the celebration of Diwali. This is why dates change every year. One tradition starts a new month from the new moon, while the other starts it from the full moon. Guru Amar Das, the third Guru of the Sikhs, built a well in Goindwal with eighty-four steps and invited Sikhs to bathe in its sacred waters on Baisakhi and Diwali as a form of community bonding. A 2017 estimate states 50,000 tons (100million pounds) of fireworks are exploded annually in India over the Diwali festival. Each day of Diwali is marked differently. Furthermore, it is a celebration of the day Rama returned to his kingdom in Ayodhya with his wife Sita and his brother Lakshmana after defeating the demon Ravana. Diwali is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the Hindu month of Kartika and, much like Easter, the date changes every year. What are the 5 Diwali Days in 2022? A variety of entertainments are usually available for inhabitants of the local community to enjoy. Diwali (English: /dwli/), Dewali, Divali,[3] or Deepavali (IAST: dpval), also known as the Festival of Lights,[4][5] related to Jain Diwali, Bandi Chhor Divas, Tihar, Swanti, Sohrai, and Bandna, is a religious[6] celebration in Indian religions. On this day, sisters will give gifts to their brothers and invite them to enjoy a meal. Diwali lasts five days, and the main celebrations are held on the third day of the festival. Dev Deepawali or Dev Diwali takes place on the full-moon night of the Hindu month of Kartika. The auspicious time to conduct Lakshmi Puja will begin at 6:09 pm and end at 8:04 pm, according to the Drik Panchang. Today it is the "festival of lights," attached to various mythological stories, particularly tales about Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth.
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